Trichotillomania, also known as “hair-pulling disorder,” is a type of body-focused repetitive behavior (BFRB) characterized by the repetitive pulling of one’s hair. About 1-2 in 50 people are affected by this disorder.
According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), the diagnostic criteria for Trichotillomania include:
- Recurrent hair pulling resulting in hair loss.
- Repeated attempts to decrease or stop the behavior.
- Clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other areas of functioning.
- Not due to substance abuse or a medical condition (e.g., dermatological condition).
- Not better accounted for by another psychiatric disorder.
Individuals with Trichotillomania typically report pulling hair from various areas of their body, including the scalp, eyelashes, eyebrows, facial hair, leg hair, arm hair, and pubic hair. Many people feel ashamed or embarrassed by this behavior, but it’s essential to remember that help is available.
If Trichotillomania is affecting your ability to achieve your goals in life, it’s crucial to seek help. Treatment, often guided by a specialist, can be highly effective in managing pulling urges. Additionally, resources and tools are available to support individuals in coping with Trichotillomania.
Other common BFRBs listed in the DSM-5 include Excoriation or Skin-Picking Disorder and Nail-Biting Disorder (Onychophagia). Excoriation Disorder involves consistent touching, rubbing, scratching, picking, or digging into the skin, resulting in visible damage. Nail-Biting Disorder is characterized by biting the nails until bleeding occurs, often leading to severe infection and dental concerns.
Other BFRBs include nail picking, hair eating, skin eating, lip biting, cheek biting, tongue chewing, and hair cutting. If you or a loved one struggles with any of these behaviors, seeking help and guidance can significantly improve management and coping strategies.
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